In the 14th century, architects were military men, hired to defend. Large, powerful buildings in red brick were erected with machicolations and arrow slits. This defensive period produced voluminous edifices that could withstand attack.

The Middle Ages left remnants of Romanesque and Gothic architecture, as attested by the basements and first floors of many buildings whose upper levels were added later. Flamboyant Gothic gave rise to high arches and columns reaching majestic heights, particularly in religious edifices.

In Krakow, the most widely known example of Renaissance civil architecture is the Fabric Market, erected in the 16th century on the main square in the historic city center. Sculpted masques in niches, spiraling gables, decorative pilasters, and attics surmounted with blind arches give the building a majestic air.

Finally, the Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, built at the end of the 16th century, shows off Jesuit baroque style with a sculptured balustrade, Corinthian capitals, curved cornices, and triangular pediments.
Krakow, a city of history and architecture that lifts your eyes heavenward.

Text and photos © Isabelle Brigout

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